伴着社会工作的不断规范，我们总会递交一些实用的文书，基本上实用文书都带有目的性，实用类文书要写哪些内容呢？这篇《2022市场营销专业留学申请书【例文】》应该可以帮助到您。
20xx市场营销专业留学申请书
Dear _,
As a production factor, human resource also faces scarcity—in the technical sense of economics—the way that other forms of resource face. Therefore, when an individual makes a choice as a human factor, he or she has to take into account of the opportunity cost to himself (or herself) in particular and to the society as a whole within the general framework of his or her individual value. My resolution to pursue an advanced program in the field of marketing is precisely founded on the guidelines provided by economics. My personal interest and ample potential allow me to possess comparative advantage in pursuing marketing for reasons that I will state in the succeeding paragraphs, and I believe that my choice is a rationalized choice in keeping with the rules of economics.
My interest in marketing commenced with the learning of two important courses in my sophomore year—Marketing and Management. The first year of my undergraduate program at the Department of Accounting, Henan University, was spent in overwhelming frustration because I was arbitrarily assigned to study accounting as my specialty, a subject in which I had little interest. However, in learning Marketing and Management, I discovered my real interest. In retrospection, this interest of mine stemmed from my willingness to communicate and exchange with people, my desire to experience the collisions between different schools of thought, the interdisciplinary nature between those two subjects, and the demands that they impose on a person’s creative thinking. The 4P’s as advocated in marketing (price, place, promotion and product) are specifically oriented toward market fluctuations and they require special sensitivity in capturing market information, thorough understanding of the problems involved, and the ability to solve problems by sound logical reasoning. The four aspects as represented by 4P’s constitute the fields in which I made conscious efforts to develop and to improve my competence. While taking the market course, I immersed myself in various western textbooks including the classic work Marketing Management by Philip Kotlor. Meanwhile, I endeavored to assimilate useful knowledge from case studies, realizing the empirical nature of the subject. I had a habit of applying a multiplicity of perspectives from different frameworks of knowledge to bear on the same problem and for this reason I once achieved the highest score in my department in an oral presentation. My teacher of the Marketing course, who is also the chairman of the Marketing Department, believed that I was most suited to a career in marketing. His remarks gave me tremendous encouragement and further reinforced my determination to seek an advanced education in this fascinating area.
Marketing is an applied science that calls for constant practice based on a mastery of its theories and principles in order to develop an awareness of how marketing is actually conducted. During the summer vacation in the second year, having completed the marketing course, I participated in the promotion campaign on behalf of the Little Swan Home Appliances Products (Little Swan being the brand name of China’s most famous producer of home appliances) at Zhengzhou Department Store in Henan Province. During the promotion campaign, we provided detailed information to our prospective clients concerning the products and their post-sale services on one hand and submitted the feedback to the headquarters on the other. This refreshing experience of directly facing clients excited me, making me all the more interested in various activities that could increase my practical knowledge of marketing. One of such activities was a project my classmates and I contrived for developing a realistic understanding of the principles of Marketing Lens Model. According to this model, different individuals may experience major differences in their cognition of their surroundings due to differences in their education, backgrounds and personal experiences, which lead to their development of their differential cognitive lenses. Our project team conducted an all-campus evaluation of the teachers’ performance and of the soundness of the curriculum in the form of questionnaires and follow-up surveys. Based on the findings of our investigation, we submitted to the university authorities rationalization proposals concerning how to improve of the quality of teaching and how education could be geared to the specific needs of students. Positively commented upon, our proposals were mostly adopted by the authorities. This successful experience made me understand that some concepts of marketing could be fruitfully applied to different walks of life, not merely put into service for the profit-making organizations.
My practical work experience in marketing started with my employment at the Sales Department of Beijing Education & Cultural Communications Center upon my graduation in the summer of 2001. Over the past one year, I participated in planning promotion campaigns for several sets of book series and in the management of media publicity. I was also responsible for designing the exhibitions for those book series. However, in performing my responsibilities, I became dismayed by the reality. Theoretically speaking, marketing responsibilities within a company should be specified and marketing personnel should perform their duties according to specialized division of labor so that the efficiency can be optimized. Nevertheless, in actual operations, different divisions of labor among different departments tend to produce conflicted interests and communication barriers, resulting in disruptions in work schedules and in reduced efficiency. I came to realize that teamwork is still a major problem within Chinese context, especially in the field of marketing, that needs to be worked out. To materialize good concepts of marketing, optimum approaches must be adopted that can meet the changing circumstances of the environment. My heretofore work experience shows me that, although marketing has developed into a comprehensive discipline that is both enlightening and capable of social guidance over a century-long innovation and evolution, the idea of marketing as the strategic presence of a given enterprise has not yet been established within the Chinese economic milieu. With the increased competition brought about by globalization, especially with China’s accession to the WTO, the widely-accepted conventional formula of “production + product + marketing” has been rendered obsolescent, unable to satisfy the needs of China’s present buyer’s market and the necessity to maintain sustainable development after China’s WTO accession. In particular, faced with the challenges posed by the emergence of knowledge economy, Chinese enterprises must revolutionize its conventional notions of marketing. Toward this objective, Chinese enterprises must top-level management and marketing professionals who can formulate effective marketing strategies and establish highly efficient marketing network. In this regard, prospective marketing professionals have a mission and a responsibility to perform. Apart from my interest and my potential, this factor constitutes the most direct reason behind my current effort to apply for a Ph.D. program in marketing at your prestigious university. It is my expectation that in my future degree program I will be exposed to the most recent concepts and modes of thinking in marketing which I can ultimately apply to the Chinese marketing practice.
Although I did not major in marketing as an undergraduate, my professional training in accounting can nevertheless be instrumental to my academic and career development in the future. The specialty of accounting also required me to receive basic training in economics and management, an education background that allowed me to evolve mental habits characteristic of economics and management. In my undergraduate program, trainings in the development of mental habits were far more important than the mere acquisition of book knowledge and my performance in work has also indicated that I excel my peers in logical reasoning and in economics-specific mentality. My GPA is not absolutely high (but showing obvious ascendancy), which could be attributed to my initial dislike for accounting on one hand and to my extensive participation in extracurricular activities to satiate my special love for marketing practices. Those activities consumed a considerable amount of my time and energy that I could otherwise have devoted to coursework. Nevertheless, I take great comfort in having developed my empirical knowledge of marketing by participating in those activities.
Successful marketing is the most crucial strategic arrangement in making quality products available to prospective consumers. Having accumulated necessary knowledge and experience, I have an implicit faith in myself as a most competitive candidate for your Ph.D. program. In presenting myself for your scrutiny, I am doing an important “marketing” of myself. I sincerely wish that my further exploration in the field of marketing could be made possible with this very “marketing” of myself.
Yours sincerely,
乌克兰留学行李清单
一、证件现金
大家要先把自己进入乌克兰需要接受检查的证件准备好，这里包括个人护照、留学签证、登机机票、健康证明，还有申请院校递交的材料的原件，而且需要随身携带。
此外大家还需要换好现金，建议大家将人民币换成美元，因为乌克兰货币格里在国内的银行内不是常备货币，很难兑换，而且美元与格里之间的汇率比较稳定，适合换汇。
二、衣物日用
衣服的选带需要先做功课，了解自己地大的时候当地的季节和平均气温，然后选择合适的衣服，一般两到三套就绰绰有余了，此外还需要准备好贴身的各类衣物。
床上用品三件套可以带上一套，不占地方而且抵达后需要使用，比临时买方便得多;洗漱用和沐浴用的相关日用品，可以选择带上便携装，这样可以直接使用，度过过渡期。
三、电器药品
这里的电器除了自己的电脑和手机之外，还需要特别准备好转换插头，而且可以带上一个多孔插排，这样可以让更多的电器正常充电使用，毕竟和国内是不一样的。
乌克兰的天气气候和国内有着比较大的差异，这样初来乍到的留学生很有可能会出现水土不服的情况，这就需要大家提前做好准备，带上一些常用药。
四、注意事项
在进行行李的封装的时候，要严格区分好随身行李和托运行李，所有的贵重物品和电器都需要随身携带，而刀 具和液体类物品则需要托运。
要提前了解禁止入境的物品清单，不要携带禁止入境的东西，也不要携带可能会触犯高压线的物品，其中尤其要注意各类自制的东西，没有质检标志和包装是不能够带出去的。
选择去乌克兰留学的优势介绍
1.教育模式优越
乌克兰是前苏联教育，文化，工业中心的第二大国，它沿袭了前苏联的良好教育模式，又学习欧洲的经验，现在教育又提倡向欧洲接轨。乌克兰的基辅大学时欧洲排名前十的，并且有哈尔科夫国立大学，第聂伯国立大学，这些知名国立大学，回国后被国内教育部承认，享受所有留学生回国待遇。
2.学科专业精细
乌克兰学校的很多学科教学质量水平很高，知名度也高，医科学校很有名。
3.招生范围广泛
凡是持有国内高中以上毕业证书、身体健康、年龄在16-35岁者，均可免试进入乌克兰国立大学攻读相应的学士、硕士和博士学位。
4、费用低廉
赴乌克兰留学的好处很多，其中低廉的学费生活费让很多学生和家长动心，让更多的学生实现了留学深造的理想。接受世界同等一流教育，年总费用仅为欧美等国的十几分之一，甚至几十分之相当于就读于中国大学的费用。进入大学后，享受本国大学生所有免费和优惠待遇，宿舍条件一流，设备完善，全天供应热水，免费使用天然气、电和供暖服务。有浴室、厨房。学校有食堂，可在校就餐。
5、办理手续简单
与英美国家比起来没有复杂的担保，考试手续。
6、语言环境好
学校为无语言基础的学生设置了预科系，有专门乌克兰语，俄语，英语预科。国家人民都会乌克兰语和俄语，沟通很容易。比起国内学习俄语专业的学生语言沟通能力会高很多.
7、两国贸易沟通较多，人才匮乏
随着乌克兰和中国的贸易往来越来越多，驻乌克兰中国商人很多'对乌克兰语和俄语人才的需求量越来越多，就业机会越来越广泛。
8.为去欧美国家做准备
由于乌克兰的大学被欧美各国承认，所以为想以后去欧美一些国家留学，而前期费用不足的学生又提供了一个很好的选择，可以在乌克兰毕业以后申请其他欧洲国家继续深造.
9.社保完善
乌克兰的医疗保险制度比国内好'每年留学生办理医疗保险卡,看病，吃药，住院均不花钱。
10.乌克兰国民素养高
乌克兰的国民素质普遍较高，待人接物彬彬有礼，社会治安状况良好，学生既无囊中羞涩之感又无“二等公民的心理压力，可以在友善宽松的环境中完成学业。
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2022机械工程专业留学申请书【例文】
20xx机械工程专业留学申请书
Dear _,
An experienced engineer of security printing with China’s Central Bank, I now would like to scale higher intellectual heights by pursuing Ph. D. studies in mechanical engineering at your university. I believe that my strong background in CAD has adequately prepared me to embark on this endeavor.
I have been working since 1996 for the People’s Bank of China, a Chinese version of the Federal Reserve, at its unique research institute of security printing, with the responsibility of designing the Chinese currency and the machinery to produce it. By engaging me in a variety of projects, the job afforded me ample exposure to cutting-edge developments in computer technologies, particularly in CAD software. I have, for example, recently redeveloped a purchased CAD (Computer Aided Design) software to make it more suitable for our own purposes. By adding our own part/subassembly to the database and make our own drawing criteria, we have achieved dramatically better efficiency.
My job performance, which has won me professional respect from all of my colleagues, was achieved thanks to the strong background I acquired as a student in computer science. My undergraduate GPA ranked first among the 63 students of classmates in mechanical department, for which I was awarded first-class and second-class prizes many times. My graduate GPA ranked among the top 4% of the 105 students in my year, which won me the “San Hao” scholarship every year during the three years of my graduate studies.
Unlike many other Chinese students, who are content with performing well in exams, I made a point of learning through my own hands-on experiences. In the Master’s program at the Beijing Institute of Printing, I gained an in-depth understanding of artificial intelligence, including expert system and genetic algorithm, especially in neural network. For my thesis, I programmed a multi-level BP neural network with C language to analyze my mathematical model, and applied much of my knowledge in optimization. I thus became able to program with a host of different computer languages, especially C++, with which I helped my graduate advisor to design a paper-cutting machine. To analyze the mechanism statically and dynamically, I programmed a software system to analyze and emulate it on screen. In undergraduate studies, I had often programmed with Fortran77 and the Basic language.
Upon the completion of my Master’s studies, I easily passed the doctoral record examination in CAD/CAM of Beijing University, one f the top universities in China. But I gave up the opportunity in order to gain more practical experience in the industry. The decision proved to be right, as it guaranteed me better access to sophisticated facilities, such as state-of-the-art personal computers. With the People’s Bank of China, I have thus accumulated solid expertise in many kinds of operating and application software systems, particularly in CAD. I now have a firm grip on the latest developments in computer science in China.
The challenges I met and the successes I achieved at the People’s Bank have not only endowed me with confidence but also fired off my desire to further improve myself. I have enjoyed high-quality and efficient production with the use of a kind of PC-based CAD software, MDT, developed by Autodesk Corporation. I now have a dream: some day, every person can design his favorite product with some sort of CAD software, and then search for an ideal factory over high-speed internet its production; and the factory will put specifications of the product, as it has received them via the high-speed internet into its CIMS, and out pops the product, as designed, at the end of the factory’s production line. It is a beautiful dream for every engineer, but many difficulties the speed of data-transfer and how to manage the product data among CAD, CAM, CAPP and CAE systems. These questions are fascinating, and I would like to come up with my own answers to them.
To prepare myself for advanced studies in your country, I have persisted in improving my English proficiency. As demonstrated by my score of 700 (96%) in the verbal section of GRE, I now have an adequate command of English for undertaking graduate studies in your program.
After carefully comparing the strengths of many universities, I find Mercy University particularly suited for my purpose. It has got the best combination of quality faculty, many state-of-the-art facilities, and an intriguing academic environment. Currently, China still lags significantly behind Western countries in mechanical engineering. I hope that, with a few years of graduate studies under your seasoned guidance, I will be able to return to my motherland and help bring mechanical engineering in my country to international standards.
Although my ultimate objective is a Ph. D. degree, I am willing to do a Master’s degree if necessary. In either case, I would like to concentrate my studies in one or a combination of the following areas: CAD, CAM, CIMS, Computer graphics, Mechanical design, Mechanical manufacturing, Optimization, Artificial intelligence, and Robotics. Your favorable evaluation of my application will be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely,
奥地利留学生活常识一览
一、衣
奥地利的夏天气候是比较凉爽的，平均气温是十几度，的气温也可以达到三十几度，夏季的衣服你可以带休闲装、衬衫和外套。奥地利冬天的气温比较冷，在室内会有暖气提供，不过外面还是非常寒冷的，你还是带上你的羽绒服和薄的毛衣过来。奥地利的人他们穿着是很随意的，牛仔裤是他们经常穿的，他们不注重衣服是否高档，只要是整齐简洁就可以。如果你带够了衣服的话，就不用经常在这里买衣服，等到打折季再去买折扣就会有很多，买多了到时候回国的时候也带不了。
二、食
你在奥地利读书可以去学校的食堂吃饭，或者是在你住的地方做饭也可以，学校的食堂会给学生补贴，自己做饭的购买食材的成本要少很多。如果是几个好朋友一起聚餐的话，其实费用不是很多，因为如果是AA的话分到每个人的费用是很少的。在奥地利学校的食堂吃饭首先要买票，学生持有学生证可以有优惠价。在奥地利的超市有亚洲的食品，吃不习惯奥地利的美食的学生可以自己来做饭，食品的价格也不贵。
三、住
在奥地利住宿都是要申请的，你可以申请到离学校很近的房子，环境都还不错，单人房的价格是要比单人房的价格要贵的，里面还有很多公共设备是一起用的。很多的学生就是因为没有住到学校的宿舍才开始在外面租房的，租的房子一定要找距离学校很近的房子，这样上下学也很方便，不好的一点就是学校附近的房子都还挺贵的。
四、行
在奥地利人们出行大多数的都会坐地铁，因为地铁是不用担心会堵车的，而却还比较安全。要是你平时不赶时间的话可以坐坐公交，欣赏一下奥地利的美景。你要提前去办公交卡，乘车也会比较方便，不用再排队去买票了，而且对于学生来说还有优惠价。
奥地利留学要提前安排好的事项
1.联络接机要提前
大多数学校都会安排接机服务，如果学生是准备住在学校宿舍，学校会安排有关人员到指定机场接机;如果学生住寄宿家庭，一般是由将入住的家庭派人接机;如果学生是通过留学中介办理的，在学生出发前，中介都会帮学生安排好接机事宜，学生只需随身带好接机人的联系方式，万一班机误点可以到了目的地机场后与接机人取得联系。一定要在把定预定机票的时间跟留学顾问老师商量好，确定时间国外有人接机，这一点相当重要。
2.申请宿舍要赶早
住是一大问题。建议学生，住宿是事先必须解决的问题之一，而且必须在入境前给予充分落实。对于初抵异域的学生，如果学校提供住宿，在没有熟人的情况下，选择住学校宿舍，作为过渡。等基本适应当地的生活和学习后，可考虑按照自己的生活方式选择其他的住宿形式。不过学校的宿舍一般比较紧张，需较早申请。
3.心存感恩有人帮
遇到困难可以联系在读学校的事务局或国际学生服务处。有关签证办理的事项找移民局，当你的人身安全受到威胁或者在当地发生法律纠纷等大件事情时可以向中国驻当地大使馆求助。顾问表示：“新生落地后的接机、住宿、银行开户、熟悉周遭环境等事项都可请求当地中国留学生会帮忙。由于同学会是义务帮忙，因此在寻求同学会协助时，请心存感激，不要抱持理所当然的态度。”
4.设两账户巧理财
出境携带的现金总额是不能超过5000美元(大约2万元人民币)的，建议留学生身上带2000美元左右即可，以备不时之需，带旅行支票或汇票，既方便又安全。到目的地后开一张银行卡，将带的钱存到当地银行，存取都很方便。当然各地的情况也有所不同，告诫学生，不要一味即使家里经济背景良好，也不要一直炫富，以免带来不必要的攀比之心与麻烦。
法国留学申请书2022【例文】
法国留学的新变化
1.部分选拔性领域设定限额
预科班级中，位置一般都预留给了那些非常好学校学生了。由于人多班少，高教局未解此问题制定了相关措施，将于20xx年开学实施。大学一定要与预科学校相互配合紧密联系，特别是要找专业老师到预科班级里去，更好鼓励学生投身于科研中，尤其是那些理科学生。
2.课程简化
为了让学生课程规划更加清晰，学士课程名称现已简化。同比去年3800个不同课程名称，几年已经简化到了100个。之后，硕士课程名称也将随之简化：近10000万个名称将简化至200到了300左右。同时，本科第一年课程将更加广泛更加普及，这也是为了能够让学生们在重新定向时不用重复课程，更是为了让学生基础知识更加牢固、知识面更加宽广。
3.公立免费
和德国一样，法国政府主导成立的大学，也是提供免费的教育的，所有入学的学生，不管国籍是哪里，都可以享受免费的教学，不需要交学费，只要按要求进行注册即可。而除了免费的学习，还会有奖学金，大家的只要能够符合要求，就可以提出正式的申请，难度并不会很大，只要自己能够提交符合要求的材料就可以了，项目还可以进行叠加。
申请法国留学的条件
法国留学条件高考成绩必须保证
不管我们选择法国哪种类型的大学，肯定都是要通过国内的统一高考，至少是要在四百分以上，而每一年的具体分数都是有所差异的，还有一些省份可能是自己统考，这个时候分数是会按照百分比来计算的。如果说是学习艺术，文化课的分数不算太高，也可以选择一些社区或者是基础类型的大学，对分数方面的要求会比较低。但是高考英语成绩肯定都是要超过一百二十分的，当然如果有过其他英语等级考试证书，也都是可以作数的。
法国留学条件法语方面要求较高
既然是要到法国留学，肯定法语也是要过关的，每一个学校的考试要求不同，但是基础对话和写作都是不能有问题的，而且还要通过学校的基本考试。一般高中毕业上法国留学，都是要有500课时的法语课，并且分数要比较高才可以。如果真的有心到法国留学，建议最好是在不影响高考成绩单前提下，学习一些法语方面的知识，这样对后期留学也是有帮助的，黑可以让自己提前了解好相应的一些法国留学情况。
法国留学条件优益性直接影响到学费
法国也有很多大学都是可以申请留学生奖学金的，当然要求成绩比较高，还会有一些其他方面的要求需要我们达到。其实很多公立学校都是不要学费的，只要我们分数达到对方的要求即可，但是每年需要缴纳一定的注册费等，但是相对于留学的学费来讲还是很划算的。所以建议大家报考的时候，直接选择法国公立大学，这样的大学在全球认可度都比较高，对今后就业也都是有相当大的帮助的，还能够为我们节省一大笔的开支。
法国留学申请信范本：
Monsieur le Président,
Dans le souhait d'une inscription auprès de votre université, j'ai l'honneur de vous exposer ci-dessous mes principales motivations.
J'étudie le fran?ais depuis bient?t quatre ans, et j'obtiendrai ma licence(bac+4) en juillet 20__ .
Outre la langue fran?aise, j'ai étudié aussi...la littérature fran?aise à laquelle je m'intéresse particulièrement.
Après l'obtention de mon dipl?me, j'aimerais poursuivre mes études de littérature fran?aise dans votre université réputée pour son enseignement de littérature.
Or, pour entreprendre les démarches nécessaires, j'ai besoin d’un certificat de pré-inscription délivré par votre université. C'est pourquoi je vous demande quelles conditions je dois remplir pour obtenir ce certificat et quelles sont les attesations que je devrais fournir.
Si c'est possible, pourriez-vous me faire parvenir, à l'adresse ci-dessus, un dossier d'inscription ?
Vous remerciant par avance de votre bienveillance, je vous prie d'agréer, Monsieur le Président, l'expression de mon profond respect.
2022新闻专业留学申请书
20xx新闻专业留学申请书
Dear _,
The media's the most powerful entity on earth. An interesting quote from Malcolm X, who also claimed, Without education, you're not going anywhere in this world. I wish to combine these two passions and follow my ambition to become a journalist by continuing my studies into Higher Education. It is well known that power attracts and I, like many others, have become enchanted by the power of the written and spoken word. This fascination has created a deep interest in writing, and Journalism provides the perfect outlet to develop my skills.
Ive heard enough about the media industry to realise that experience is everything, and as Sixth Form Reporter on the College committee, I gain regular experience of journalistic writing and meeting deadlines. I have written for the official college Network, which is sent home to parents, and the Student Newspaper.
When selecting my A Level subjects, I seemed drawn to essay based courses. I enjoy writing and the courses undoubtedly helped my writing skills. However, I was required to make the opening of a film in Media, which was an experience to say the least! It increased my interest in Broadcast Journalism. Until that moment, I only had eyes for Print. Creative writing has always been one of my favourite aspects of English, and the coursework gave me the chance to write in whichever style I chose, one piece was a newspaper feature on Chelsea Football Club. I have always been interested in Sports Writing and Im considering specialising in it at a later date. I have chosen to continue four of my five AS Levels onto A2, even though it was not necessary. I have always found Psychology quite challenging as it involves deep levels of critical analysis, so I decided to carry on as I find it extremely intriguing. The different theories as to why humans do the things they do, attract me because I am interested in how people act, though one could hardly call me an anthropologist! My main priorities are English, Media and Sociology as I feel they will aid me most in my ambition, although I still find Psychology a fascinating subject.
I have often said that nothing is impossible, yet asking me to name my favourite book is asking too much. Some much-loved literature includes The Hobbit, Gone With The Wind, and Jane Eyre. In my opinion a good novel should evoke a variety of emotions from beginning to end. Music may not be my first love, but it is definitely one of my passions; I have high passes in grade 3 flute, singing, and grade 5 piano. Like my literary tastes, my choice of music is eclectic; I like anything from hip-hop to classical, soul to rock, and past to present. I also love Black history, musicals, and icons of film and music, such as Audrey Hepburn, John Lennon, and Sinatra. Lennon once said, We all want to change the world, I empathise with this view and seek to achieve it using my chosen profession and the power of the media.
Yours sincerely,
出国留学去芬兰要知道的常识
1、芬兰人
网传芬兰人民等公交的帖子和图，那些都是真的!
在赫尔辛基感觉越南人可能比中国人还多一些。说完全没有歧视也是不可能的，但是整体上大家还是互相尊重。
芬兰人们太喜欢喝酒了，经常去爱沙尼亚扛酒。
芬兰人基本都是特别靠谱，特别严谨，特别礼貌，但有时，个别有些伪善。
芬兰人守时。
有很多玩音乐的人，芬兰出了好多重金属乐队，野狼disco的旋律也是芬兰人创作的。
狂爱桑拿。
相对于其他亚洲国家，人少，慢节奏。
大多有公德心，善良，简单，给人没那么强的阶级感。
有点闷骚，但是蒸完桑拿就是好朋友了。
北欧男性责任感比较高，带孩子的也多。
很安静，内敛。
2、社会生活
贫富差距相对较小，相对于平等。
漫长的冬天是真的，有时候下午2点或3点就天黑了，抑郁也是真的。
整体上物价水平高。
东西用坏了在一定保质期内可以换新，有些东西保修期超长。
生活简单，但又有些无趣。
人们生活的很安逸，休闲。
赫尔辛基社会治安还算安全。
物价与其他北欧五国首府相比，算良心了，但在欧洲范围内，还是贵些，肉贵蔬菜便宜和老美一样。
社会福利是真的好，即使失业业可以有尊严的生活。
3、工作
男女平等。
上班族太爽，干完份内工作就可以去玩了?
每年5周带薪假。
男人能做的工作女人也能做，比如机长。
议会女性比例比男性高。
4、交通
赫村的公交非常准时，站台有时刻表，和部分欧美国家类似。
社恐，公交车隔位而坐。
在赫尔辛基，公共交通十分便捷。
5、教育
教育鼓励创新，孩子创造力强。
任何时候，任何年纪，只要想重新学习，都是免费的，政府还会给予很多支持。
师生平等，学生可以直呼老师的名字。
6、食物
芬兰的面包都很好吃。
芬兰人均消耗咖啡大国，咖啡很好喝。
中餐馆有不少，但是味道，因人而异吧。
7、生活环境
夏天真是很美好，光照充足，空气也好，非常适合户外活动。
是个安静的地方，不聒噪。
风景好，很多森林可以漫步。
8、穿
人们喜欢穿中性色，偏黑，偏灰。
大家追求的更多是舒适，实用。
9、医疗
私立医院有时候比公立医院更便宜，比如驾照体检。
10、租房
租房市场比较规范。
芬兰留学福利盘点
一、顶尖教学
首先可以确认的是，芬兰的高等教育，是处在全球前列的，教育很注重学生技能的提升，会安排专门的实习时间，而且还会设置出不同的专业分支，让学生有更多的选择。
目前境内的高校数量并不算多，但是位列全球500的就有八所，的比例是非常高的，入读同样水平的，芬兰高校的要求会低一些，这样有助于留学生入学进入。
二、三语环境
芬兰有自己的语言，瑞典语在这里也被广泛的使用，此外随着国际化程度的提升，英语在芬兰的普及度也越来越高，尤其是在教育上，硕士专业授课基本使用英语。
这样的语言环境，给大家带来的就是更开放的社会氛围，大家在这里能够接触到不同国家的学生，用自己熟悉的语言和其他人进行交流，可以增加大家的语言积累，多一份求职的优势。
三、费用便宜
学校的学习收费，专业和院校都会产生影响，大家一般一年准备10万元左右就能够正式进入到心仪的目标学习，不过还是建议大家进入学校，获准具体的费用准备金额。
生活开销则没有阶段的差异，但是大家在不同的城市求学，可能会受到物价的影响，衣食住行和社交生活加起来，一个月准备好5-6万元也就足够了，能够在芬兰享受不错的生活。
四、生活舒适
芬兰已经连续几年，被评为最幸福的国家了，而且安全系数也是遥遥的，大家在这里不管是生活还是学习，都会有一个比较舒适的环境，至少日常不会其它麻烦找上门。
大家还能够享受政府和学生身份带来的福利，很多公共资源都是可以直接享受的，而在很多场合出示学生证，还会有比较大的折扣，甚至可以免费。
欧洲留学德国留学申请书2022【例文】
欧洲留学德国留学申请书20xx格式
Dear _,
Nearly everyone has a dream in their youth, and the seeds of my dreams began thrusting up when they touched the soil of Chemistry. I was fascinated by the distinctive individual properties of chemical substances and marveled at phenomena displayed in experiments. They inspired me to explore the mystery of chemistry and make use of that power. Combining science and engineering, Chemical Engineering is a dynamic and continually evolving field of study. So, following my graduation from high school, I applied for the School of Chemical Engineering & Technology at _ University, which is the best university in this discipline (as ranked by the Chinese Ministry of Education).
During my four years of college study, I had built up a solid fundamental knowledge of science and engineering. Devoted and hardworking, I was awarded a scholarship every year by the University. During the course of my undergraduate study, I gradually understood the importance of chemical engineering, which is the backbone of our society and has potential to help people make better lives. I felt the weight of this responsibility, and hoped I could be a researcher in chemical industry in the future. So it is necessary to pursue further study in this field.
I started my first step by being an undergraduate research assistant for Professor _ when I was a junior. My program deals with the synthesis and photo-luminescence of porphyrins. With the guidance of my advisor and the cooperation of a doctoral student, I designed the reaction route and conditions, then, synthesized and analyzed the target product. To better accomplish my research project, I took some optional courses like Organic Functional Material and Nanoscience and Technology. My academic ability improved greatly and I received encouragement from my advisor. During that period, my advisor also told me, “The main difference between undergraduate students and graduate students is creativity; a graduate student’s responsibility is to create knowledge, not to obtain knowledge again.” Inspired by her words, I strove to inject my research with greater creativity. As reactants in my experience were very expensive and the yield of the product was very low, I tried many new synthesis schemes and introduced bold modifications. Implementing new catalysts into conventional methods increased the product yield and purity. The result turned out to be rewarding--- a Chinese paper based my results is in preparation. I am confident that my research experience and potential will benefit me in my future study and research.
Due to my outstanding research records, I was selected from thousands of candidates in China to intern in __ Electron Material Company-- a subordinate company of Chinese Academy of Sciences and _ Chemistry—a fortune 500 corporation. During that period, I understood better the formulas and equations in our textbooks from the real world production and procedures. I got to know more about the chemical industry and made huge strides in the areas of knowledge application and practical ability. In my opinion, accumulating experience in the chemical industry played an important role in preparing me for future study and research.
However, merely building up a solid foundation is not enough; there are much wider spaces for me to explore. I was quite active on campus, which provided me with many friendships and a sense of social responsibility which I believe is important. I also attended a Sino-American college student summer camp, through which I greatly improved my proficiency in English, and learned more about the culture and education of the United States. Especially after talking with some students from Chemical Engineering Department of _ University and University of _, I became more aware of that there is still a large gap between China and other modern nations in this field. This further contributed to my goal of pursuing further education in the USA.
As a senior about to end my four-year pursuit of knowledge here, I am clearly aware of that the achievements I have made are only the beginning. So, I really hope I can be admitted to the Department of Chemical Engineering at University of __ to pursue my graduate study because your university is one of the best public universities in the country and your department combines a diverse and talented group of faculty and students with interdisciplinary research areas. And the fact that your university provides a high faculty/student ratio (1/4) and family-like atmosphere has deeply impressed me. From my experience in scientific and engineering research, I have a strong interest in chemical engineering, and I firmly believe that my solid knowledge, background, research potential and strong love for chemical engineering, added to my strong sense of determination will prepare me a successful and bright future in your institution.
Yours sincerely,
留学德国常见问题解读
1、为什么德国没有学费?
德国大学不收学费，这点也是吸引了很多学生的，因为没有学费，在这里读一年也就6万左右。但德国的这些学校不仅是对自己的学生免了学费，对于留学生也是这样的。大家了解过英美大学就知道了，它们的学校基本上对待本地学生和国际学生都是完全不同的收费标准。
也就是学生在德国，能够和德国学生一样是免除了学费，也能够去打工赚生活费，或者是同样享受各类的福利。
2、为什么德国毕业后前途都比较好
只要德语足够好的话都可以在这里找到工作，特别是读理工科的学生。而且这里说的德语够好指的是在口语跟表达上都没有无障碍的，这样的要求其实并不高。当然如果要回国就业的话，留学德国的优势还是很大的。因为中国和德国其实在贸易上也有很多的合作，在未来几年里双方的企业都会很青睐这些在德国就读的人才。
3、德国的难点在哪里?
德语。当然，小语种是去德国的学生不可绕开的话题，但是在英语如此泛化的时代，学习一门小语种是必要的的，也是丰富自己的简历的一笔。况且，去德国也可以选择英语授课，也为国际学生大大提供了便利。其他的难点都不是难点，想去的并经之路就是学生自己的优质背景，只有自己足够优秀，才有资格去理想的。
4、为什么去德国留学在经济上有利?
对于中国的非本地阶层来说，来德国是一个很好的选择。其实如果能开始读德国大学，找工作的优势太多了。比较明显的就是学生们更容易找到更高端的工作。而且学生在这里就读也不会有经济压力，因为他们不需要交学费，所需要的也只是生活中要用的钱。
5、为什么接受外国留学生移民?
其实这是德国为了留住这些在当地接受了高等教育的人才。留学生只要在这里工作满两年都能够去申请永久居留了。从移民的条件来讲，它比其他国家拥有更加相比宽松的移民条件。
德国到现在其实一直都很需要大量人才。所以它现在才尝试吸引技术移民，而留学生既有高学历，也有拥有技术和知识，是德国企业非常想要留住的人力资源。
德国留学保证金准备指南
一、基础金额
在德国，公立的院校是不收取学费的，而公校的数量又不少，所以大家准备的保证金，就只需要覆盖自己在德国的生活开销就足够了，按照官方给出的标准进行准备。
一个月的平均支出是853欧，一年的总开销就是10236欧，而大家要准备的金额，就是这一年的生活开销，等到抵达了德国之后，每个月最多可以取出853欧作为生活费。
二、影响因素
今年要准备的保证金，和去年相比较，其实是上涨了的，从每个月720欧，涨到了853欧，这是近几年来，第一次进行上涨的调整，主要是受到了物价和生活水平的影响。
德国的经济近两年有了非常大的提升，所以大家在这里留学的消费自然也就增加了，那么相应的保证金的准备也会进行上涨，所以这也是比较正常的变化，大家多准备一点会对申请更有利。
三、准备流程
大家收到了录取之后，就可以进入保证金的准备了，需要先开一个银行账户，要求是德国的银行的账户，目前在国内就有不少德国银行的分行，大家直接递交开户的申请就可以了。
可以选择直接去线下的银行进行现场开户，将足额的现金存到账户内;或者选择X-Patrio、Fintiba进行线上的开户，将足额的现金通过转账的方式转入到账户内。
四、账户激活
选择线下开户的学生，抵达了德国之后，需要去相应的银行进行自己账户的激活，大家需要填写激活的表格，并且出示护照进行身份的核实，然后进行审核，成功后就可以直接使用了。
选择线上开户的学生，如果在之前没有选择确定的银行的话，可以去往任意一个银行，这样会省事儿一些，同样要填表，并且进行材料的审核，通过后激活账户直接使用。
2022土木工程专业留学申请书【例文】
20xx土木工程专业留学申请书
Dear _,
In a world that is continually growing and evolving and problems such as global warming and population growth becoming ever more real, the need for innovation and fresh ideas from the engineering world becomes increasingly evident. It is this that attracts me to civil engineering as a career because although I am aware of the many pressures and demands I would be facing, the sense of achievement and the knowledge that I would be making a difference to the lives of others would be of great personal reward to me!
My fascination for engineering started when I was young, and has only increased since then. I enjoyed playing video and computer games that required planning and strategy. I watched ???Extreme Engineering??? when it first aired on the Discovery channel and today I have seen every episode up to season five and am waiting to see the sixth season. I have a game called ???West Point Bridge designer??? that has taught me about the different properties of each type of bridge and allows me to experiment with different bridge designs as well as using different materials in the most cost effective way possible.
Unfortunately for my parents, this fascination extended into reverse engineering as well and ranged from my toys as a child to unused household items and broken cars and motorcycles as an adolescent. This interest was then nurtured during my schooling and college years - at school learning about the history of art and how the smallest engineering discoveries led to the biggest architectural breakthroughs, for instance the impact that the arch, concrete and the dome had on Ancient Roman and proceeding architecture. In college I thoroughly enjoyed mathematics and physics particularly in the applied sections, and although my grades do not reflect this, a big portion of my gap year has already been spent on preparation towards of their improvement.
As well as a lot of revision, my gap year so far has been a wealth of new experiences and challenges from things as silly as learning to juggle and ride a unicycle to teaching myself to play the keyboard and getting my motorcycle license. I also had a job as a general labourer working under the site manager on a building site where I worked alongside the tradesmen and occasionally the architect, thereby gaining valuable experience in keeping to the strict requirements of working to time schedules and regulations, planning, problem solving and keeping quality of work up and expenses down. Previous to that I worked at my local supermarket as a general assistant and was eventually promoted to a team leader. I was responsible for liaising with my managers and keeping them up to date with what was happening around the store and making sure my staff knew what was expected of them throughout their shifts as well as doing my own work around the store. This taught me how to deal with people in a variety of situations in a polite and professional manner while also greatly improving my communicational and social skills.
Being born and raised in South Africa and having made the transition and adaptation to English culture and way of life with ease, I have no doubt I would adapt in much the same way to university life. Also I think it is important that I have witnessed the differences in infrastructure between developed and third world countries and their respective effects on the surrounding populations and feel I could use this knowledge to my advantage.
I am a very active person and sport has always been a big part of my life. In high school I captained my cricket and rugby teams and was part of the swimming, tennis and athletics teams and represented my home province in cricket, athletics and surfing. Living over here I am a member of the local cricket and rugby club; I take part in the occasional darts and pool tournaments and am a regular at the local health centre. All of this means I have a lot of experience in performing under pressure, pushing myself and working well as a team.
By the end of my gap year I hope to have: fulfilled my travelling plans where I hope to go backpacking in Asia as I think it will be an awe-inspiring and eye opening experience; have learnt many more new skills and gained more relevant work experience; and hopefully begin a journey into becoming a part of the great and prolific industry of ingenuity and creativity that is the world of engineering.
Yours sincerely,
留学生回国后的就业前景
一、就业的情况
这么久以来，留学生到外去留学，基本都是为了自己的未来，为了能有一个好工作。而按照目前国内在就业上的情况，我们其实也能发现，中泰两边的贸易之后是不断的发展，那么这样的情况对于泰国的留学生来说，肯定是会是由很多的机会。所以泰国的留学生不仅是能在这两国立工作，或者是往双方的贸易这方面去发展也不错。
这些年来，国内对于东南亚这个市场也是很积极的，有很多大的企业在泰国这边都有分公司的存在。一般这些企业都比较乐意招聘那些既能够理解泰国的人文，有受到中国的文化影响的。所以留学生们想在泰国发展，想找到工作都是很容易的一件事情。这些学生不仅是在这里能够找到好的工作，因为他们的学历在国内是承认的，那么这些学生要是回来发展的话，也会有很好的机遇。
二、就业的规定
留学生在毕业之后，如果他本人是愿意在泰国这里工作的，或者是已经被泰国的某个公司聘用，那么他就能在这里工作。一般政府会在学生和企业签订了劳动方面的合同之后，给这个学生颁发工作证以及个人的签证。除了这些好处以外，拥有了这个签证的学生可以让他直系的亲人也来泰国这边，这个亲属不但能得到留签证，这个签证的待遇学生所拥有的也是一样的。
三、就业的优势
1. 语言
在泰国这里留学，学生能学到的不单单是英语，还能在学习英语的过程中掌握到泰语的一些基本口语，泰语作为小语种，学生能学会它对于自己的就业就是能增加优势的。
2. 区域
因为现在“一带一路”在发展，双方在经济还有各种方面的沟通非常频繁，泰国这边自然也是很留学生们在这里发展的，本来他们也是需要很多人才的状态，而国内因为也有不少泰国投资的企业，对于这些企业来说，留学生们自然就是他们招聘最适合的人选，因为这些学生在语言以及文化上都具有一定的优势。
3. 经济以及政治
两个国家都在东南亚这个范围内，而且本身里很近，学生要是想在留学的期间回家来探亲是很方便的。而且因为泰国的消费不贵，工薪家庭的基本上都有能力承担。在泰国，中国人是非常的被欢迎的，学生们不管是在这里生活，还是工作都能够比较安稳。
白俄罗斯留学问题解答
1、签证率怎么样?
赴白俄留学受到白罗斯教育部，白罗斯驻华使馆的全力支持，使馆立项团体送签，签证率高，快捷。对全国各地的赴白俄罗斯留学生提供了更多的便利。
2、是否需要担保金?
赴白俄罗斯留学不需要任何担保金。
3、学成归国是否容易就业?
在国内就业时，在同等专业同等学历的情况下.海外归国人员明显更具有竞争力。另外近年来我国大中型企业在俄罗斯和白罗斯设立常驻单位迅猛增加.也迫切需要能够熟练掌握俄语，深入了解俄罗斯和白罗斯市场、文化的人才。
4、在白俄罗斯留学能否勤工俭学?
在白俄罗斯完成高等教育，消费总体与国内大学相差无几，一般的家庭都能承受。但是也可以打工，比如在中国餐馆打工，每月大约600-800美元，汉语家教45分钟20美元，在白俄罗斯的中国公司里做翻译800-1500美元/月。甚至语言熟练的话，也可以在该国一些单位就业。
5、国内中专毕业，没有俄语基础是否可以留学白俄罗斯?
可以，国内高中毕业或同等学历的学生都有机会留学白俄罗斯，其中包括中专技校，职高的学生。白罗斯大学都设有正规的预科系，针对俄语零起点国际学生，国际学生赴白罗斯先读一年预科课程，预科通过考试后免试直接读专业课程。所以没有俄语基础可以留学白俄罗斯。
爱尔兰留学申请书2022年【例文】
爱尔兰留学申请书格式要求
推荐人应以该校或该公司抬头的信纸及信封来撰写信件，中文抬头的信纸及信封亦可，如果真的没有任何信纸及信封，可请推荐人附上名片并在推荐函上盖上学校章或公司章(不过有些学校还是要有抬头的信纸及信封)。
内容包括：
1、推荐人由下列各方面表达其对申请人的学业能力之看法：
a、以往的学业成就，包含考试成绩
b、目前之表现
c、学术潜力，例如日后考试成绩之推断
2、推荐人应就其所知之申请人能力表现，兴趣及人格给予评论，此应包括
a、英文说写能力
b、分析表达能力
c、个人特质，如进取心、独立性、自我激励、果断力等
d、创造力、想像力
e、可靠性及责任感(请就所了解的程度说明申请人所负责之职务)
f、兴趣之广泛性、包括参与活动和社会组织
g、社交能力和个人关系
3、申请人对所申请之课程的适用性及对选读科系之学习能力
4、申请人修完其课业后的生涯展望
如果是离校很久之成人申请者，推荐人可能很难就其学术能力给予评论。此时，可能提供申请个人能力与自我激励能力的看法，且说明其认为申请者可能应付学位课程的理由，其工作经历及推荐人对申请者之工作绩效也应包括在内。
爱尔兰留学申请书模板
Prof. Dr. 0000
Center for Fluorescence and Spectroscopy
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
University of Maryland School of Medicine
725 West Lombard Street， Baltimore， Maryland 21201，
USA
(410)706-8409， FAX： (410)706-8408
Dear Prof. Dr. 0000
I take great pleasure in writing this letter of recommendation for Dr. 0000 to support his application for a postdoctoral position in your lab. Dr. 000 is an outstanding graduate student working for the M.S. degree under my supervision. In my contact with him in the University， his creativity and attitude to research work gave me deep impression. He always proposed new ideas on his research and could
resolve problems by himself， I was very satisfied with him. Dr 000 has been working on molecular luminescence research about six years. As I know， most of his researches have been concentrated on bioanalytical chemistry in his Masters work， such as protein and nucleic acids assays etc. In these fields， Dr. 000 has strong background and research ability. He has and would be published several papers in international journals. I am often interested in reading his papers in publication and discussing with him. I am very appreciated of his research ability. Dr 0000 also possesses very fine character. He is a devoted research worker. He works on weekends. He is an honest and smart， reliable and responsible person， and is very cooperative too. Based on these qualities， I believe this young man will achieve greater academic success in his future work. Therefore， I strongly support his application， and it would be greatly appreciated if you could give him your favorable consideration.
Please feel free to contact me if I can answer any additional questions about 00000. My address is as follows：
Professor 00000
University
P. R. China
Your Sincerely
Professor of Analytical Chemiistry
爱尔兰留学签证保证金
1、预科和语言课程：能够提供20万元人民币以上的保证金证明。
2、本科：能够提供30万元人民币以上的保证金存款证明。
3、硕士：能够提供20万元人民币以上的保证金存款证明。
注意：
去爱尔兰读语言课程是不需要TOEFL成绩的，可以单独申请，只要提供至少三万美金的保证金。如果想直接申请学位课程，要具备至少TOEFL550分。留学爱尔兰，TOEFL、IELTS(6分左右)都可以，不要求GRE。
爱尔兰的学费一年大概在5万5至7万人民币之间，根据学科的不同，课程长短不同而有所差异。学校之间的收费差距不大，专业之间的收费有可能很大，比如医学专业。语言学校学费一年在五万人民币左右，加生活费大约10万人民币左右。
在爱尔兰，读博士需要三到四年。条件是你的TOEFL成绩以及你的硕士学位成绩单。读硕士一年时间。读硕士的学费，比如计算机要七万人民币左右一年;经济类要五万多人民币。硕士研究生一年所有的费用在十二万人民币左右。国内本科毕业就可以直接申请读硕士，如果TOEFL及大学成绩合格可以不需要读预科。
爱尔兰的学校提供宿舍，但第一个月都要求住寄宿家庭。住寄宿家庭一个月要4千人民币左右，寄宿是包括早晚餐及周末三餐的。
学生2022泰国留学申请书【例文】
六、亚洲餐厅
在泰国的各大城市，包括曼谷，清迈等，亚洲餐厅都是很常见的，价格相对也会低一些，最常见的就是寿司，饺子。
七、市场
相对于超市来说，当地的市场可是一个很便宜的所在，从新鲜的水果蔬菜，再到披萨，面包，种类多，还便宜..
八、校园里的免费午饭
免费的东西总会最棒的，尤其是免费的美食，这也是国外大学生活最棒的一点。泰国大学的各种社团俱乐部，或者学校办的各种活动，经常会有免费的烧烤。留意学校里的海报，或者免费食物活动的通知。不仅是省钱的一种好方法，还可以有机会去参加活动。
九、善用的你的学生身份
在很多城市，对于国际留学生都有一定的优惠，比如说在看电影、音乐剧。交通或者购买书籍等方面，你的学生证明会让你享受不错的优惠政策。因此，一定要善用你的学生身份哦。
十、拼车
如同现在的顺风车，泰国很多学校都有拼车的网页，你可以在上面找人一起搭顺风车也可以找个拼车族。大家都很乐意拼车，一起分担油费。